Mac - 安装 Homebrew

背景简介

macOS 虽然基于 Unix，但它并没有一个像 Linux（apt、yum）那样方便的官方包管理器。如果你想安装一个 wget、git、nginx 或者 redis，你通常需要去官网下载 .dmg 文件、手动编译源码，非常麻烦。

Homebrew 解决了这个问题。它被称为 “The missing package manager for macOS”（macOS 上缺失的包管理器）。

前置信息

1. Mac

详细信息

第一步： 从官网获取最新的安装脚本

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

******
==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown root:wheel /etc/paths.d/homebrew
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod a+r /etc/paths.d/homebrew
==> Updating Homebrew...
==> Installation successful!

==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics.
Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
  https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics
No analytics data has been sent yet (nor will any be during this install run).

==> Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:
  https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations

==> Next steps:
- Run these commands in your terminal to add Homebrew to your PATH:
    echo >> /Users/user/.zprofile
    echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> /Users/user/.zprofile
    eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
- Run brew help to get started
- Further documentation:
    https://docs.brew.sh

• 根据提示信息进行配置

echo >> /Users/user/.zprofile

echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> /Users/user/.zprofile

eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"

第二步： 查看安装结果

brew help

Example usage:
  brew search TEXT|/REGEX/
  brew info [FORMULA|CASK...]
  brew install FORMULA|CASK...
  brew update
  brew upgrade [FORMULA|CASK...]
  brew uninstall FORMULA|CASK...
  brew list [FORMULA|CASK...]

Troubleshooting:
  brew config
  brew doctor
  brew install --verbose --debug FORMULA|CASK

Contributing:
  brew create URL [--no-fetch]
  brew edit [FORMULA|CASK...]

Further help:
  brew commands
  brew help [COMMAND]
  man brew
  https://docs.brew.sh

可选： 加速

• 切换 Homebrew 核心库

# 替换 brew.git
git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git

• 配置 Bottles 镜像（二进制预编译包）

对于 macOS Catalina 及更高版本（使用 zsh shell）：

source ~/.zshrc

对于 macOS Mojave 及更低版本（使用 bash shell）：

echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

• 重置配置

git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git

• zsh 用户: 编辑 ~/.zshrc 文件，删除 export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=... 这一行，然后运行 source ~/.zshrc。
• bash 用户: 编辑 ~/.bash_profile 文件，删除 export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=... 这一行，然后运行 source ~/.bash_profile。

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